Ranas venenosas, mantis religiosas y extraños roedores son las nuevas especies descubiertas por la comunidad científica en Latinoamérica. ¿En qué países fueron detectadas?
Por Milton López Tarabochia / Contenido producido y autorizado para difusión en La Región por MONGABAY LATAM
1. Perú: Una rana venenosa en las laderas amazónicas de los Andes
Su nombre científico es Ameerega shihuemoy que significa “rana venenosa de dardo” en la lengua indígena harakmbut. Fue descubierta una nueva especie de rana venenosa en nueve localidades de las zonas de amortiguamiento del Parque Nacional del Manu y la Reserva Comunal Amarakaeri. El descubrimiento se dio entre los ecosistemas de los bosques montañosos y las tierras bajas, entre los 340 a 850 metros sobre el nivel del mar.

Según los científicos, esta especie tiene una actitud paternal muy fuerte. “Este macho mostró el comportamiento del cuidado parental colocándose delante de los huevos para defenderlos de mi presencia. Fue una conducta tan increíble que me mostró lo maravillosas que son estas ranas venenosas al arriesgar sus vidas para proteger a su descendencia”, dijo Jennifer Serrano, autora principal de un artículo que describe a la especie en la revista Zootaxa, a Mongabay Latam. Descubre los detalles de este descubrimiento aquí.

2. Perú: Un nuevo roedor en la cuenca del río Marañón
La bióloga Angie Uturunco descubrió una nueva especie de roedor Eremoryzomys mesocaudis cuando estaba haciendo la labor de campo de su tesis sobre otra especie de roedor, llamado Eremoryzomys polius. Por eso, cuando analizaba las muestras del “polius” que vive en la cuenca media del río Marañón, en la región Amazonas, no era consciente de su descubrimiento. Con el avance de su estudio se percató de su hallazgo, lo que destronó al Eremoryzomys polius como la única especie de su género. Entérate de la peculiar historia de este descubrimiento aquí.

3. Una nueva mantis religiosa con nombre de comediante mexicano
Se trata de la nueva mantis religiosa nombrada como Hondurantemna chespiritoi, llamada así en honor a uno de los países donde fue observada, Honduras, y en homenaje al comediante mexicano conocido como “Chespirito”, el cual creó dentro de sus tantos personajes a “El Chapulín Colorado”, un superhéroe cuyo traje es inspirado en la mantis religiosa. La nueva especie de mantis religiosa fue descubierta en el Parque Nacional Laguna de Montebello de México y en el Parque Nacional Cusuco en Honduras. Conoce de cerca a esta peculiar especie aquí.

4. Tres nuevas ranas muy pequeñas en Perú
En medio de los ecosistemas de bosques de montaña y pastizales andinos del Perú, en el área protegida del Bosque de Protección Pui Pui de la región de Junín, fueron descubiertas tres nuevas especies de ranas pertenecientes al género Pristimantis. La primera especie es la Pristimantis puipui, cuyo nombre proviene de la lengua quechua y significa “ojo de agua”; la segunda es Pristimantis bounides, cuyo nombre deriva del griego y significa “habitante de las colinas”; y la tercera que fue llamada Pristimantis humboldti, en honor al naturalista alemán Alexander von Humboldt.
Las tres nuevas especies son particulares por su tamaño que no supera la pulgada, por eso los científicos tuvieron que afinar no solo la vista para encontrarlas, sino el oído para reconocer un sonido característico del macho. Conoce la historia del descubrimiento de estas tres nuevas ranas aquí.

5. Descubren cuatro nuevas especies de ranas en área protegida de Ecuador
El Parque Nacional Sangay (PNS) es la tercera área protegida más extensa de Ecuador y la más grande de la sierra ecuatoriana. Ahí se descubrieron cuatro nuevas especies de ranas. Al margen de su enorme importancia científica, las ranas recibieron curisosos nombres.
La Pristimantis albujai fue llamada así en honor al doctor Luis Albuja, un importante mastozoólogo del Ecuador; la Pristimantis churuwiai recibió su nombre en homenaje al guía naturalista shuar Marcelo Sharup, que dedicó más de 40 años de su vida a la conservación del PNS; la Pristimantis sambalan obtuvo la denominación porque fue descubierta en el cerro Sambalán y la Pristimantis saturninoi, en honor al sacerdote Saturnino López, que promovió el desarrollo social de comunidades locales. Para conocer las sorprendentes imágenes de las nuevas cuatros especies de ranas descubiertas en Ecuador ingresa aquí.

Fuente: MONGABAY LATAM
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